碎冰条件下单点系泊船舶动态响应特性研究     

杨佳东  吕海宁  王晋 《海洋工程》2019,37(2):29-39

为了研究不同单点系泊位置对极地系泊船舶在来冰角度改变时动态响应的影响,运用离散元方法(DEM),计算了船舶在60%密集度下,冰速为1.0 m/s、冰厚为1 m时不同角度的船冰阻力,结合系泊分析软件二次开发功能,计算分析系泊船舶在不同来冰角度和不同系泊位置下受上述冰情影响下的响应。通过对模拟结果与试验结果的对比,认为离散元方法(DEM)的数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好;单点系泊位置为距船头L/4时,系泊船舶能以最快速、最稳定的方式对来冰方向的变化做出响应。  相似文献   

海上风机吸力式桶形基础承载特性研究综述     

毋晓妮  廖倩  李晔 《海洋技术学报》2020,39(1):91-106

风机基础作为海上风机整体结构的重要组成部分,承受着上部风机所受到的风浪流荷载,并且对风机的安全性及可靠性至关重要。吸力式桶形基础由于其安装简单和可重复利用等优点,在海洋平台基础中得到了广泛应用,并逐步应用于海上风机基础中。但由于海上风机与海洋平台在海洋环境中的荷载工况有一定的差别,仍需要通过对其承载特性研究现状进行全面认识,以实现吸力式桶形基础在海上风机基础中的可靠应用。文中通过总结和评价现有研究对桶形基础在不同土体条件以及荷载条件下进行试验及数值模拟分析得到的研究结果,综述了静荷载和循环荷载作用下砂土和黏土中的吸力式桶形基础的承载特性研究现状,以及海上风机吸力式桶形基础的相关研究。文章展望了目前应用于海上风机基础的桶形基础仍缺乏的研究,为海上风机吸力式桶形基础的可靠应用及后续研究提供重要参考。  相似文献   

Stochastic bivariate time series models of waves in the North Sea and their application in simulation-based design     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

In this paper, we present and evaluate three long-term wave models for application in simulation-based design of ships and marine structures. Designers and researchers often rely on historical weather data as a source for ocean area characteristics based on hindcast datasets or in-situ measurements. The limited access and size of historical datasets reduces repeatability of simulations and analyses, making it difficult to assess the sampling variability of performance and loads on marine vessels and structures. Markov, VAR and VARMA wave models, producing independent long-term time series of significant wave height (H_s) and spectral peak period (T_p), is presented as possible solutions to this problem. The models are tested and compared by addressing how the models affect interpretation of design concepts and the ability to replicate statistical and physical characteristics of the wave process. Our results show that the VAR and VARMA models perform sufficiently in describing design performance, but does not capture the physical process fully. The Markov model is found to perform worst of the tested models in the applied tests, especially for measures covering several consecutive sea states.  相似文献   

Dynamic Performance Investigation of A Spar-Type Floating Wind Turbine Under Different Sea Conditions     

Han Wang  Zhi-qiang Hu  Xiang-yin Meng 《中国海洋工程》2018,32(3):256-265

Both numerical calculation and model test are important techniques to study and forecast the dynamic responses of the floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT). However, both the methods have their own limitations at present. In this study, the dynamic responses of a 5 MW OC3 spar-type floating wind turbine designed for a water depth of 200 m are numerically investigated and validated by a 1:50 scaled model test. Moreover, the discrepancies between the numerical calculations and model tests are obtained and discussed. According to the discussions, it is found that the surge and pitch are coupled with the mooring tensions, but the heave is independent of them. Surge and pitch are mainly induced by wave under wind wave conditions. Wind and current will induce the low-frequency average responses, while wave will induce the fluctuation ranges of the responses. In addition, wave will induce the wavefrequency responses but wind and current will restrain the ranges of the responses.  相似文献   

Study on Nonlinear Characteristics of Freak-Wave Forces with Different Wave Steepness     

Deng  Yan-fei  Tian  Xin-liang  Li  Xin 《中国海洋工程》2019,33(5):608-617

The nonlinear wave forces on vertical cylinders induced by freak wave trains were experimentally investigated. A series of freak wave trains with different wave steepness were modeled in a wave flume. The corresponding wave forces on vertical cylinders of different diameters were measured. The experimental wave forces were also compared with the predicted results based on Morison formula. Particular attentions were paid to the effects of wave steepness on the dimensionless peak forces, asymmetry characteristics of the impact forces and high-frequency force components. Wavelet-based analysis methods were employed in revealing the local energy structures and quadratic phase coupling in the freak wave forces.  相似文献   

Extracting energy while reducing hydroelastic responses of VLFS using a modular raft wec-type attachment     

《Applied Ocean Research》2019

This paper presents the use of a modular raft Wave Energy Converter (WEC)-type attachment at the fore edge of a rectangular Very Large Floating Structure (VLFS) for extracting wave energy while reducing hydroelastic responses of the VLFS under wave action. The proposed modular attachment comprises multiple independent auxiliary pontoons (i.e. modules) that are connected to the fore edge of the VLFS with hinges and linear Power Take-Off (PTO) systems. For the hydroelastic analysis, the auxiliary pontoons and the VLFS are modelled by using the Mindlin plate theory while the linear wave theory is used for modelling the fluid motion. The analysis is performed in the frequency domain using the hybrid Finite Element-Boundary Element (FE-BE) method. Parametric studies are carried out to investigate the effects of pontoon length, PTO damping coefficient, gap between auxiliary pontoons, and incident wave angle on the power capture factor as well as reductions in the hydroelastic responses of the VLFS with the modular attachment. It is found that in oblique waves, the modular attachment comprising multiple narrow pontoons outperforms the corresponding rigid attachment that consists of a single wide pontoon with respect to the power capture factor and the reduction in the deflection of the VLFS. In addition, it is possible to have a considerable gap between pontoons without significantly compromising the effectiveness of the modular attachment.  相似文献   

Unified numerical study of shallow foundation on structured soft clay under unconsolidated and consolidated-undrained loadings     

Santosh Kumar Yadav  Guan-lin Ye  Usama Khalid 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(4):400-416

Abstract

Based on a new elasto-plastic constitutive model, this paper presents a soil–water coupled numerical prediction of the bearing capacity for shallow foundation constructed on Ballina soft clay for unconsolidated undrained (UU) and consolidated undrained (CU) conditions. This elasto-plastic constitutive Shanghai model has an advantage of describing the mechanical behaviour of over-consolidated and structured soil under different loading and drainage conditions, by using one set of material parameter. In this paper, the Shanghai model used for both UU and CU conditions has the same initial parameters obtained from laboratory test results. The loading conditions and consolidation stages vary based on construction details. The predicted bearing pressure-settlement responses for UU and CU, approves the field observation. The phenomenon of gaining the bearing capacity due to consolidation is captured and explained by the use of soil–water coupled numerical analysis with a new elasto-plastic model. The stress strain behaviour, stress paths and the decay of the structure of elements at different depths presented in this study, reveal the mechanism for the difference between UU and CU conditions to understand the foundation behaviour. Effect of the initial degree of soil structure on the bearing capacity is also addressed. Overall, this approach provides the integrated solution for the shallow foundation design problems under short and long-term loadings.  相似文献   

3套资料中西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征的比较分析          下载免费PDF全文

张冬娜  张翰  程旭华  陈大可 《海洋学研究》2020,38(3):48-57

本文使用中国气象局、美国联合台风预警中心和日本气象厅的3套热带气旋最佳路径资料(CMA资料、JTWC资料和RSMC资料)分析了1951—2016年西北太平洋热带气旋活动特征。3套资料反映的结果如下:热带气旋主要发生在10°N—25°N范围内,且1980年前其位置点在纬度上有南移的变化趋势,1980年后则相反;移速主要分布在2~6 m/s区间,在25°N左右移速明显加快,1980年前移速呈显著减小趋势;最大持续风速主要分布在10~15 m/s区间,1980年前最大持续风速有减小趋势;在风速较大的区域热带气旋最大风速半径较小,2001—2016年热带气旋和台风最大风速半径每年分别减小0.46 km和0.54 km。CMA和RSMC资料的结果高度一致,而JTWC资料结果与它们都存在一定的差异。热带气旋位置点频数和强度的变化受资料间差异的影响较大,而其位置及移速的变化则受影响较小。  相似文献   

The “unrevealed casualties” of the Irish mortgage crisis: Analysing the broader impacts of mortgage market financialisation     

《Geoforum》2016

Since 2008, extensive research has examined the impacts of mortgage market financialisation, particularly the socio-spatial patterns of mortgage defaults and foreclosures. However, these standard statistical indicators of mortgage difficulty only capture the ‘overt casualties’ of the crisis, overlooking the mass of households who meet their mortgage commitments, but do so at considerable cost to quality of life. The impacts of the crisis on these ‘unrevealed casualties’ has received insufficient attention within the literature. As such, this article develops a framework to assess mortgage stress levels using standard and atypical indicators of mortgage payment difficulty. This framework differentiates between the ‘overt’ and ‘unrevealed’ casualties and is applied through a case study of suburban Dublin mortgagors to examine the characteristics of these groups, determine the key factors driving their mortgage stress and assess how their attitudes towards homeownership are being reshaped. The results suggest the impact of the mortgage crisis is much larger than previously considered, affecting a more diverse range of suburban households, many of whom may be one financial or non-financial trigger event away from developing a more serious payments problem. Banks’ reckless lending practices are among the strongest predictors of mortgage stress, demonstrating how the failure to adequately regulate banking practices has had detrimental financial impacts for households at the suburban scale. Attitudes toward homeownership and its investment function are increasingly negative, demonstrating how the primary rationale for homeownership expansion (i.e. its potential for wealth creation) is being revaluated by mortgaged households in the wake of the crash.  相似文献   

地铁深基坑开挖效应土体小应变参数敏感性分析——以厦门地区为例     

施有志  林树枝  赵花丽 《工程地质学报》2016,24(6):1294-1301

小应变硬化模型（HSS）可以同时考虑土体剪切硬化和压缩硬化,以及土体剪切模量在微小应变范围内随应变衰减的行为,因此在深基坑开挖数值分析中具有很好的适用性。为研究厦门地区土层HSS模型刚度参数E₅₀ref,G₀ref和γ_0.7对深基坑数值分析结果的敏感性,基于敏感性分析和正交试验原理,选择厦门地区典型土层残积砂质黏性土、粉质黏土和淤泥质土,以坑外地表沉降值及围护墙的最大弯矩值作为控制指标,分别进行了单一控制土层的参数敏感性研究。结果表明:要在深基坑数值分析中精确计算地表沉降和围护墙弯矩,最重要是控制好土层G₀ref的取值,其次是E₅₀ref,而γ_0.7的影响相对小一些;随开挖深度加深,G₀ref对地表沉降的影响逐渐降低,E₅₀ref和γ_0.7的影响有所提高;E₅₀ref对围护墙弯矩的影响随开挖进行有所降低,G₀ref和γ_0.7的影响则有增大趋势,其中G₀ref相对较明显。土体小应变行为对于基坑施工效应有重要影响,在相关设计和施工中应予以重视。分析结果可为深基坑有限元分析中获得更合理的地层变形和结构内力响应提供有益参考。  相似文献